Ford Escape: Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) - Vehicles With: Keyless Vehicle System / Description and Operation - Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) - System Operation and Component Description

System Operation

System Diagram

Hybrid Vehicles

Network Message Chart

  BCM Network Input Messages

  IPC Network Input Messages

  PCM (gas vehicles) Network Input Messages

  SOBDMC (hybrid vehicles) Network Input Messages

  ABS Module Network Input Messages

PATS

The PATS function is controlled by the BCM , the PCM (gas vehicles), ABS , and SOBDMC (Hybrid vehicles).

When the START/STOP button is pressed, a voltage signal is sent to the BCM . When the BCM detects the START/STOP button is pressed, it begins the key initialization sequence by activating the PATS front antenna, center antenna and keyless entry rear antenna. Each antenna transmits a low frequency signal with an approximate range of 1m (3ft). The passive key activates if it is within range of the antennas. The BCM is able to determine the passive key location (inside or outside the vehicle) based on the input from the antennas.

When the passive key activates, it sends the PATS identification code to the RTM (remote start vehicles) or the BCM (non-remote start vehicles) via a ultra-high frequency signal. The RTM (remote start vehicles) interprets the ultra-high frequency signal from the passive key and sends the information to the BCM over the LIN based circuit. The BCM (non-remote start vehicles) interprets the ultra-high frequency signal from the passive key via its internal receiver. It then processes that information internally.

If a programmed passive key is detected inside the vehicle, the BCM transitions the ignition from OFF to ON.

When the ignition transitions from OFF to ON and the modules initialize, the PCM (gas vehicles) sends a target 1 challenge request, the SOBDMC (hybrid vehicles) sends a target 1 challenge request (Hybrid vehicles), and the ABS module replies to a target 1 challenge request to the PCM (gas vehicles) or the SOBDMC (hybrid vehicles). The BCM replies and if the correct identification is received, the PATS disables and allows the vehicle to start. If the PATS prevents the vehicle from starting, a DTC sets in one of the modules.

The PATS and the RKE system share operation of several components including the passive keys, the BCM (non-remote start), and the RTM (remote start).

If there is a concern with either of these components, the PATS and the RKE system are both affected.

In the event of a no start, place a programmed passive key in the backup starting location to allow the vehicle to start. The PATS front antenna activates the passive key when the START/STOP button is pressed in the event the batteries are depleted within the passive key.

NOTE: If available as a selection on the diagnostic scan tool, the passive start feature is a programmable parameter and can be enabled/disabled. If the feature is disabled, the features to passively enter and start the vehicle are inoperative. To start the vehicle, the passive key must be placed in the backup starting location.

The BCM controls the ignition modes and in conjunction with the PCM (gas vehicles), ABS , and the SOBDMC (Hybrid vehicles), controls the PATS .

PATS Parameter Identifications (PIDs)

In conjunction with Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), the PATS Parameter Identifications (PIDs) are a useful tool when diagnosing PATS concerns.

  BCM PID Chart

  PCM PID Chart

No Key Detected Message

NOTE: Some brands/types of mobile phone, laptop computer chargers and other radio frequency interference may cause interference that could lead to a PATS no-start if the passive key is within close proximity of the charger. If a concern is observed, move the passive key away from the charger and attempt to start the vehicle.

The No Key Detected message displays in the IPC message center when:

• When the ignition is OFF, the START/STOP button is pressed and a programmed passive key is not detected inside the vehicle. If a component failure (such as a depleted passive key battery or BCM failure) is causing the No Key Detected message to display, the backup starting method can be used.
• When the ignition is ON, the driver exits the vehicle with the programmed passive key and closes the door.
• The BCM activates the PATS front antenna, PATS center antenna, exterior front door handle antennas and keyless entry rear antenna to search the inside of the vehicle for a passive key any time a door or the liftgate is opened and then closed with the vehicle running and the first times each drive cycle the vehicle speed exceeds 15 km/h (9 mph). The "No Key Detected" message displays in the message center and the horn chirps (when in park only) twice when the ignition is on and a passive key is no longer detected inside the vehicle.
• The No Key Detected message displays in the message center when: the START/STOP button is pressed with the ignition OFF and a valid programmed passive key is not detected inside the vehicle.
• The engine has been started or the ignition is in RUN and a passive key is no longer detected inside the vehicle.
• Key not in vehicle

The BCM activates all the PATS antennas to search the inside of the vehicle for a passive key every time a door or liftgate is opened and then closed. This strategy aids to prevent the passive key from being separated from an already running vehicle. If a passive key is no longer detected in the vehicle, the vehicle continues to run. If the START/STOP button is pressed to turn the vehicle OFF, the engine can be restarted without a passive key present inside the vehicle for approximately 20 seconds. During that time, Restart now or key is needed displays in the message center. After 20 seconds have elapsed, a passive key must be present to start the vehicle or transition the ignition out of ON.

Component Description

Keyless Entry Rear Antenna

NOTE: Some brands/types of mobile phone or laptop computer chargers may cause interference that could lead to a PATS concern if the passive key is within a few inches of the charger and the “No Key Detected” message displays in the message center. If a concern is observed, move the passive key away from the charger and attempt to transition the ignition on.

The keyless entry rear antenna is wired to the BCM . When activated by the BCM , it transmits a low frequency signal that activates a passive key.

A programmed passive key must be within the passenger compartment or cargo area for the PATS to detect the passive key and allow the ignition to transition from OFF to ON.

If a passive key is placed in the far outside edges of the interior, such as the far corners of the passenger compartment or cargo area, the vehicle can experience a PATS concern. If the passive key is located in one of these areas and there is a PATS concern, move the passive key out of the area and attempt to transition the ignition on. If the key is outside the range of the keyless entry rear antenna and PATS front antenna or PATS center antenna when the START/STOP button is pressed, the No Key Detected message displays in the IPC message center.

Passive Key

NOTE: Some brands/types of mobile phone or laptop computer chargers may cause interference that could lead to a PATS concern if the passive key is within close proximity of the charger. If a concern is observed, move the passive key away from the charger and attempt to turn the ignition on.

The passive key incorporates both the PATS and the RKE transmitter functions in a single device. The passive key must be located inside the vehicle for the ignition to transition from OFF to ON and on the outside for keyless entry features. During key programming procedures, the PATS and the RKE transmitter of the passive key are both programmed into the BCM . See the Owner's Literature for maximum number of keys that can be programmed to the vehicle.

The passive key receives the low frequency signals from the PATS front antenna, center antenna door antennas and keyless entry rear antenna. When the passive key is activated by one of the low frequency signals, it sends out a ultra-high frequency signal that is received by the RTM (remote start) or the BCM (non_remote start). The passive key must be located inside the vehicle for the ignition to transition from OFF to ON and outside the vehicle for passive entry features.

The passive key also contains a removable key blade that unlocks the driver door in the event of an electrical failure (such as a drained battery).

The passive key requires 1 battery. For battery replacement instructions, refer to the Owner's Literature.

PATS Front Antenna

NOTE: Some brands/types of mobile phone or laptop computer chargers may cause interference that could lead to a PATS concern if the passive key is within a few inches of the charger and the No Key Detected message displays in the message center. If a concern is observed, move the passive key away from the charger and attempt to transition the ignition on.

The PATS front antenna is wired to the BCM . When activated by the BCM , it transmits a low frequency signal that activates a passive key. This antenna serves a dual purpose in that it can detect a passive key in the backup starting location. The backup starting location is used to program passive keys and to detect a programmed passive key in the event the battery in the programmed passive key has failed.

A programmed passive key must be within the passenger compartment or cargo area for the PATS to detect the passive key and allow the ignition to transition from OFF to ON.

If a passive key is placed in the far outside edges of the interior, such as above a sun visor or in a door map pocket, the vehicle can experience a PATS concern. If the passive key is located in one of these areas and there is a PATS concern, move the passive key out of the area and attempt to transition the ignition on. If the key is outside the range of the keyless entry rear antenna, PATS front antenna, and PATS center 0antenna when the START/STOP button is pressed, the No Key Detected message displays in the IPC message center.

PATS Center Antenna

NOTE: Some brands/types of mobile phone or laptop computer chargers may cause interference that could lead to a PATS concern if the passive key is within a few inches of the charger and the No Key Detected message displays in the message center. If a concern is observed, move the passive key away from the charger and attempt to transition the ignition on.

The PATS center antenna is wired to the BCM . When activated by the BCM , it transmits a low frequency signal that activates a passive key. This antenna serves a dual purpose in that it can detect a passive key in the backup starting location. The backup starting location is used to program passive keys and to detect a programmed passive key in the event the battery in the programmed passive key has failed.

A programmed passive key must be within the passenger compartment or cargo area for the PATS to detect the passive key and allow the ignition to transition from OFF to ON.

If a passive key is placed in the far outside edges of the interior, such as above a sun visor or in a door map pocket, the vehicle can experience a PATS concern. If the passive key is located in one of these areas and there is a PATS concern, move the passive key out of the area and attempt to transition the ignition on. If the key is outside the range of the keyless entry rear antenna, PATS front antenna, and PATS center antenna when the START/STOP button is pressed, the No Key Detected message displays in the IPC message center.

PATS Exterior Front Door Handle Antenna

NOTE: Some brands/types of mobile phone or laptop computer chargers may cause interference that could lead to a PATS concern if the passive key is within a few inches of the charger and the No Key Detected message displays in the message center. If a concern is observed, move the passive key away from the charger and attempt to transition the ignition on.

The PATS exterior front door handle antennas are wired to the BCM . When activated by the BCM , it transmits a low frequency signal that activates a passive key with in the approximate range of 1 m (3ft) from the front exterior door handles.

A programmed passive key must be within the passenger compartment or cargo area for the PATS to detect the passive key and allow the ignition to transition from OFF to ON.

If a passive key is placed in the far outside edges of the interior, such as the far corners of the passenger compartment or cargo area, the vehicle can experience a PATS concern. If the passive key is located in one of these areas and there is a PATS concern, move the passive key out of the area and attempt to transition the ignition on. If the passive key is outside the range of the PATS front antenna, PATS center or keyless entry antenna when the START/STOP button is pressed, the No Key Detected message displays in the message center.

PCM (Gas vehicles)

When the PCM is replaced, perform the parameter reset procedure. There is no need to program keys if the PCM is replaced.

The PCM requires PMI when it is replaced.

SOBDMC (Hybrid vehicles)

When the SOBDMC is replaced, perform the parameter reset procedure. There is no need to program keys if the SOBDMC is replaced.

The SOBDMC requires PMI when it is replaced.

BCM

If the BCM is replaced, carry out the PMI , program at least 2 keys and carry out the parameter reset procedure.

ABS Module

NOTE: Some vehicles will not have the anti-lock brake system (ABS) module functional to the passive anti-theft system (PATS). Using a diagnostic scan tool, check for DID C011 in both the powertrain control module (PCM) and the anti-lock brake system (ABS) module. If the anti-lock brake system is functional to the passive anti-theft system PATS, the DID C011 will show ON in both modules.

When the ABS module is replaced, carry out the PMI and parameter reset procedures. There is no need to program keys if the ABS module is replaced.