Ford Escape: Exhaust System / Diagnosis and Testing - Exhaust System
Global Customer Symptom Code (GCSC) Chart
Diagnostics in this manual assume a certain skill level and knowledge of Ford-specific diagnostic practices.
REFER to: Diagnostic Methods (100-00 General Information, Description and Operation).
Symptom |
Action |
Fit/Finish/Body >
Paint/Finish >
Exhaust >
Corrosion/Rust |
GO to Pinpoint Test C |
Start/Run/Move >
Noise >
Exhaust >
Always |
GO to Pinpoint Test D |
Driving Performance >
Lack/Loss of Power >
Acceleration >
Always |
GO to Pinpoint Test A |
Safe & Secure >
Smoke/Odor >
Exhaust >
Hot |
GO to Pinpoint Test B |
Symptom Chart(s)
Symptom Chart - Exhaust System
NOTE:
Aftertreatment components consist of some or all of the
following components: Catalytic Converters, Gasoline Particulate
Filters, Diesel Particulate Filters, Selective Catalytic Reduction
Catalysts, Exhaust Gas Heat Exchanger.
Diagnostics in this manual assume a certain skill level and knowledge of Ford-specific diagnostic practices.
REFER to: Diagnostic Methods (100-00 General Information, Description and Operation).
Symptom Chart
Condition
|
Actions
|
Lack of power - vehicle performance complaint
|
|
Odour from vehicle - possible sign of smoke
|
|
Surface rust or degradation of surface treatment
|
|
Noise such as buzzing, drumming, thumping, ringing or hissing coming from exhaust system
|
|
Pinpoint Tests
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PINPOINT TEST A: LACK OF POWER
NOTE:
Aftertreatment components consist of some or all of
the following: Catalytic Converters, Gasoline Particulate Filters,
Diesel Particulate Filters, Selective Catalytic Reduction Catalysts.
Normal Operation and Fault Conditions
REFER to: Exhaust System - System Operation and Component Description (309-00C Exhaust System, Description and Operation).
Possible Sources
- Exhaust pipe pinched or crushed
- Damaged aftertreatment components
- Loose obstruction in exhaust
- Restricted exhaust (possible frozen condensate in mufflers or exhaust actuator valves)
Visual Inspection and Pre-checks
- Inspect for loose, damaged, contaminated or incorrect components.
|
A1 CHECK THE EXHAUST SYSTEM FOR SIGNS OF DAMAGE |
-
Inspect the exhausts system aftertreatment components and associated sensors for damage.
Is damage to the aftertreatment components and associated sensors found?
Yes |
INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
|
A2 CHECK THE EXHAUST SYSTEM FOR OBSTRUCTIONS OR RESTRICTED FLOW |
-
Inspect the exhausts system pipework for pinched or crushed components.
Is any flow restricting damage to the exhaust components seen?
Yes |
INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
No |
The condition may be intermittent. Advise the customer no repair is required.
|
|
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PINPOINT TEST B: ODOUR FROM VEHICLE
NOTE:
Aftertreatment components consist of some or all of
the following: Catalytic Converters, Gasoline Particulate Filters,
Diesel Particulate Filters, Selective Catalytic Reduction Catalysts.
Normal Operation and Fault Conditions
REFER to: Exhaust System - System Operation and Component Description (309-00C Exhaust System, Description and Operation).
Possible Sources
- Damaged or contaminated aftertreatment components
- Incorrect fuel or fuel with excessive sulfur content in fuel
- Rich fuel conditions
- Misfire conditions
Visual Inspection and Pre-checks
- Inspect for loose, damaged, contaminated or incorrect components.
|
B1 CHECK FOR DAMAGED AFTERTREATMENT COMPONENTS ASSOCIATED SENSORS |
-
Inspect the aftertreatment components and associated components for damage.
Have the aftertreatment components or associated electronic sensors incurred damage?
Yes |
INSTALL a new aftertreatment components as necessary.
|
|
B2 CHECK FOR INCORRECT FUEL OR FUEL WITH A HIGH SULFUR CONTENT |
-
Check the residual fuel in the fuel tank for incorrect fuel or fuel that contains a high sulfur content.
Does the fuel tank contain incorrect fuel or fuel high in sulfur content?
Yes |
Drain the fuel tank and flush the fuel system.
Refill the fuel system with fuel containing the correct level of sulfur.
|
|
B3 CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM (POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE) OPERATION |
-
Using a diagnostic scan tool, perform the PCM self-test.
Are the powertrain controls operating correctly?
Yes |
The condition may be intermittent. Advise the customer no repair is required.
|
No |
Correct and fix any powertrain control issues. Using
a diagnostic scan tool, perform the PCM self-test. Test and confirm the
issue has been resolved.
|
|
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PINPOINT TEST C: SURFACE RUST OR DEGRADATION OF SURFACE TREATMENT
NOTE:
Surface rust is a characteristic of materials used
on exhaust systems. Exposure to heat or road salt may result in surface
rust.
Normal Operation and Fault Conditions
REFER to: Exhaust System - System Operation and Component Description (309-00C Exhaust System, Description and Operation).
Possible Sources
- Perforated catalytic converter/exhaust system
Visual Inspection and Pre-checks
- Inspect for loose, damaged, contaminated or incorrect components.
|
C1 CHECK THE EXHAUST SYSTEM FOR PERFORATIONS, RUST OR DAMAGE |
-
Visually inspect the exhaust system, paying specific
attention to joints, bends, low points and check for rust, perforations
or surface degradation.
Are perforations, rust or damage present?
Yes |
INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
|
C2 CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM (POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE) OPERATION |
-
Using a diagnostic scan tool, perform the PCM self-test.
Are the powertrain controls operating correctly?
Yes |
The condition may be intermittent. Advise the customer no repair is required.
|
No |
Correct and fix any powertrain control issues. Using
a diagnostic scan tool, perform the PCM self-test. Test and confirm the
issue has been resolved.
|
|
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PINPOINT TEST D: NOISE FROM EXHAUST SYSTEM
NOTE:
Aftertreatment components consist of some or all of
the following: Catalytic Converters, Gasoline Particulate Filters,
Diesel Particulate Filters, Selective Catalytic Reduction Catalysts.
Normal Operation and Fault Conditions
REFER to: Exhaust System - System Operation and Component Description (309-00C Exhaust System, Description and Operation).
Possible Sources
- Loose or damaged heat shield(s)
- Loose or damaged exhaust isolators(s)
- Damaged exhaust isolator hanger bracket
- Loose or damaged aftertreatment components or mufflers
- Exhaust system leak
- Catalytic converter/exhaust system
- Exhaust system grounded to chassis
- Damaged or worn exhaust system
- Misaligned exhaust system
- Strain on the exhaust system
Visual Inspection and Pre-checks
- Inspect for loose, damaged, contaminated or incorrect components.
|
D1 CHECK THE EXHAUST SYSTEM FASTENERS |
-
Check and confirm that all exhaust system fasteners
on joining connections, hanger brackets and isolators are tightened to
specification.
Was exhaust noise still present after confirming all
exhaust system fasteners are tightened to specification?
No |
The issue has been resolved.
|
|
D2 INSPECT THE EXHAUST ISOLATORS AND HANGER BRACKETS |
-
Visually inspect the condition and alignment of all exhaust system isolators and hanger brackets.
Were exhaust system isolators and hanger brackets found to be in correct alginment and in good condition?
No |
INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
|
D3 CHECK FOR MISSING OR DAMAGED EXHAUST HEAT SHIELDS |
-
Check for noise originating from missing or damaged exhaust heat shields.
Were the exhaust heat shields found to be present and in correct alignment?
No |
INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
|
D4 CHECK THE EXHAUST SYSTEM FOR ALIGNMENT |
-
Manually move the exhaust system to simulate the
bouncing action of the vehicle, checking for exhaust-to-body contact
whilst the exhaust system is moving.
Was the exhaust noise seen to originate from contact
between the exhaust system and the surrounding components/vehicle body?
Yes |
Ensure the exhaust system is installed correctly on
the exhaust hangers and isolators. INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
|
D5 CHECK THE EXHAUST SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL DAMAGE |
-
Using a soft hammer or rubber mallet, lightly tap
the resonators, mufflers, aftertreatment components and exhaust
pipework, listening for loose internal baffling or internal damage.
Was noise such as rattling, clanging or twanging heard within the exhaust components?
Yes |
The exhaust component likely has internal damage. INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
|
D6 CHECK THE EXHAUST SYSTEM FOR LEAKS |
-
With the engine running, visually inspect the exhaust components and pipework for leaks.
Were leaks found?
Yes |
INSTALL new components as necessary.
|
|
D7 CHECK FOR COOL DOWN PINGING |
-
Run the engine and bring the exhaust system to operating temperature.
-
While allowing the engine to cool, listen the
exhaust system during coold down to attempt to isolate the noise
complaint.
Was the exhaust complaint found to be cool down pinging?
Yes |
Cool down pinging is a result of the exhaust system
expanding and contracting during heating and cooling. This is a normal
condition. The issue has been resolved.
|
No |
The condition may be intermittent. Advise the customer no repair is required.
|
|
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart
Diagnostics in this manual assume a certain skill level and knowledge of Ford-specific diagnostic practices. REFER to: Diagnostic Methods (100-00 General Information, Description and Operation)...
Special Tool(s) /
General Equipment
Wooden Block
Removal
NOTE:
If the catalytic converter is not being replaced, the HO2S
and the catalyst monitor sensor do not need to be removed from the
catalytic converter...
Other information:
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart
Diagnostics in this manual assume a certain skill level and knowledge of Ford-specific diagnostic practices. REFER to: Diagnostic Methods (100-00 General Information, Description and Operation).
Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
Module
DTC
Description
Action
BCM
B1147..
Closing the Liftgate From Outside Your Vehicle
WARNING: It is extremely
dangerous to ride in a cargo area, inside
or outside of a vehicle. In a crash, people
riding in these areas are more likely to be
seriously injured or killed. Do not allow
people to ride in any area of your vehicle
that is not equipped with seats and
seatbelts. Make sure everyone in your
vehicle is in a seat and proper..